Background:
@EN Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM), defined as carbohydrate intolerance of varying severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy, is associated with both short-term and long-term maternal and fetal morbidity. It is estimated that
GDM
occurs in 3% to 5% of all pregnantion of women with GDM, followed by appropriate management of GDM has been reported to decrease the incidence of perinatal morbidity. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance
of
universal screening test for GDM in identification of women with GDM.
@ES Methods:
@EN The study was performed at Cheil General Hospital from January, 1990to December 1991. In 1990, the hospital had 3, 917 deliveries and the 122 pregnant women at risk for GDM underwent 100-g oral glucosse tolerance test (OGTT), but in 1991, the
hospital had 4, 533 deliveries and 1, 243 pregnant women were randomly screened with non-fasting 50-g 1-h glucose challenge test at 24~32 wk gestation. The women with a positive screen(7.2mM as the threshold value) underwent a 100-g OGTT. GDM was
diagnosed by modified O'Sullivan criteria. The detection rate of GDM and pregnancy outcome of women with GDM were compared between 1990 to 1991.
@ES Results:
@EN Of the 1,243 women screened, 24.4% (303) had a screen value of ≥7.2mM, and 26 of these had a diagnostic OGTT in 1991. The overall GDM prevalence was 1. 2 cases/100 screened. In 1990, 11 of 122 women who underwent 100-g OGTT were diagnosed as
GDM.
Thus the proportion of GDM in total deliveries were 0.57% in 1991 and 0.28% in 1990, but it were not different statically. The GDM women of 1990 had higher frequencies of obstetric complications and higher neonatal morbidity in the offsprings,
compared
with the GDM women of 1991. The mean birth weight of newborns in the GDM women of 1990 was heavier than that in the GDM women of 1991. This may be attributed to the delayed diagnosis of GDM.
@ES Conclusion:
@EN To decrease maternal complications and neonatal morbidity, early identification of GDM is very important. GDM may occurs in the pregnant women without the risk factors of GDM. So all pregnant women should be screened for GDM.
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